(1) Inter-Constituency Alliance
At the 2015 Paris negotiations, five of the nine constituencies, including environmental NGOs (ENGO), Indigenous Peoples’ Organizations (IPO), trade unions (TUNGO), the women and gender constituency (WGC) and youth NGOs (YOUNGO) as well as two additional observer networks (without constituency status), i.e. faith-based organizations and the Climate Land Ambition and Rights Alliance (CLARA), built and collaborated in the so-called Inter-Constituency Alliance. One of these constituencies alone, ENGO, comprised more than 600 partner organizations. Hence, the largest part of NGOs registered for the 2015 climate negotiations were part of the Inter-Constituency Alliance, which worked across policy fields.
The Alliance successfully advocated for the inclusion of human rights and sustainability principles in the 2015 Paris Agreement.
(2) The Right to a Healthy Environment Coalition
The R2HE coalition was established in 2020. It can be understood as a cross-policy alliance with a three-layered structure. The first layer comprised those international networks and organizations that informally exchanged on ways to advance the R2HE and then decided to build the coalition (i.e. Amnesty International, Human Rights Watch, CIEL, Earthjustice, AIDA and Franciscans International). This first layer of organizations was also active inside the Human Rights Council and General Assembly negotiations. The second layer involved a larger number of TANs and NGOs that engaged in advocacy activities outside the negotiations and reached out to and interacted with governmental delegations they had established good working relationships with. The third layer consisted of all the 1350 TANs and NGOs that had signed the Global Call with varying capacities and resources to engage in advocacy and communication work in relation to recognizing the R2HE.
The Right to a Healthy Environment Coalitions successfully advocated for the recognition of the new international Human Right to a Healthy Environment in the UN Human Rights Council (October 2021) and the UN General Assembly (July 2022).
(3) The Convention on Biological Diversity Alliance
The Convention on Biological Diversity Alliance comprises about 400 civil society members working across policy fields. These are conservation and environmental NGOs, networks supporting indigenous peoples, development organizations, human rights groups and others. The Alliance saw human rights as one priority for the new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF). Many local organizations use the Alliance as a transnational advocacy vehicle to bypass restrictive governments and to bring conservation issues that occur at the grassroots’ level to the international negotiations.
At the 2022 Convention on Biological Diversity negotiations in Montréal, the Alliance (in collaboration with other networks) successfully advocated for the inclusion of a rights-based approach and the Human Right to a Healthy Environment into the new Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF).